Three Meter Waves

After a few days in Hel, we were now out on the sea again, and heading in the general direction of Lithuania and its seaport city Klaipeda. Not too directly, though, to avoid all encounters with potentially unfriendly Russian warships and submarines.

Via Russia

As a wrote in my last post, we were stressing a bit about having to sail through the Russian EEZ to get to our destination. In the picture below I’ve made a rough visualization of our routing challenge.

  • The large area within the red-blue gradient line is the Russian EEZ (exclusive economic zone).
  • The innermost red line is the Russian territorial sea. It’s an academic question whether one actually should have the right to innocent passage through it, but in the real world, it’s smarter to stay out (see Stuart’s comment here).
  • The yellow line is the consensus cautionary distance of twenty miles from the shore, and that was the amount we planned to bend the dashed “straight route” to stay clear of trouble.
From Hel, Poland to Klaipeda, Lithuania.

Not Much Wind

We motored out from Marina Helska, and then, because there was very little wind, we just kept the engine running.

Bye, bye, Hel!
Average wind for the first few hours. Around about five knots.
14:44 local time in the picture. We’re motoring with SOG 4.2 kt, TWS 5 kt, TWD 26°T, AWS 9 kt, AWA -1°, COG 32°T, roll -0.6°.

Now We’re Sailing!

Then, the wind slowly increased, and turned from coming at us, to going with us.

This was roughly what our weather routing had forecasted, and it felt great to hoist the code zero, turn off the engine, and finally get to hear that wooshing sound when the boat starts to really move!

Predicted wind between 10 – 15 knots for the first part of the trip, going up to 17 – 18 knots during the night.
Real wind going up to 17-18 knots a bit earlier than predicted (time in UTC, local time is UTC+3 hours).

Here’s what it really looked like. A video from 20:48:39 to 20:48:56 local time (17:48 UTC in the image above).

Below the video, you can see the actually recorded data during that time.

“Is the wind blowing now?” O asks. “Yes, now it is!” I reply. “We’re getting somewhere,” I add. (Press the play icon to see the video.)

Hello, Russia!

Just a few minutes later we crossed over into the Russian EEZ.

Firing? Danger area? You don’t say?

Now, although we were a bit cautious about this whole Russia thing (they did, after all, invade a country quite recently), we didn’t want to be too fixated on our preconceptions. So, O drew a Russian visitor’s flag and as we crossed the border, we offered our humble salutations as well. Thank you for letting us pass through!

The Broach

“Oh ok, now there’s a gust,” I shouted to Charlotte and grabbed the wheel from the autopilot. From “whee, we’re going fast”, the wind had quickly escalated to “whoa, hold on to your hats!”.

With a full main and the code zero up, we were quickly approaching the limits, and it was time to reef.

Except, that time had gone a few minutes ago. And with a second gust, stronger than the one before, the rudder let go and we started the inevitable quick turn upwind.

“We’re broaching! Hold on!” I shouted to the others, all of them inside the boat.

There were some frightened screams (I think Little L), but after I got the mainsheet out, the situation was quickly over.

“No worries!” I shouted. “It was just a broach, everything is ok.”

A few suspicious faces appeared in the companionway. They were clearly not completely buying it. And truth be told, I think my heart rate had gone up a bit as well!

As reproduced by our recorded data. Wait for it… wait for it…

More Wind

After the broach, we took down the code zero, rolled out the jib, and put in the first reef in the main.

And then, a half hour later, the wind shifted gears again, and went from a steady 16-17 knots to a steady 23-24 knots, and gusting to 27.

If this was the wind’s second gear (already far above the forecast), I was a bit afraid of what might come next, so we just dropped the main altogether, and continued our downwind sailing with only the jib.

21:28 local time. Just moments before dropping the main. TWS 24 kt, TWD 276°T, AWA -103°, SOG 7.2 kt, heading 34°T, heeling 16.3°, counter-rudder 6.4°.

A Scary Night

It was getting dark. The wind wasn’t giving up and now there were pretty substantial waves forming as well. Despite the somewhat gentler forecasts, this was now in fact a bit closer to “real” sailing than we had expected. And we wouldn’t be out of it any time soon.

Charlotte was sitting next to me out in the cockpit, staring at the dark waves with a blank look in her eyes.

“I don’t like this. I don’t like this at all,” she managed to say.

I felt bad for her, to say the least. “I think you should just go inside and get some sleep,” I said to her. “You know, I’ll be fine out here alone, and there’s nothing to worry about.”

“Ok,” she said, unclipped herself, and climbed carefully inside.

Fortunately, the wind never put in any third gear (except for some serious gusts!), but rather it remained quite constant throughout the night.

The going wasn’t very comfortable, though.

I kept thinking (without really wanting to do anything about it) whether hoisting a reefed main would make it a bit better. Getting a bit more speed might have kept us more often on top of and surfing down the waves instead of “falling” down on the backsides of them. On the other hand, broaching in the dark wouldn’t have been much fun either.

Here are some numbers from the night:

One minute average wind speeds. During the night, roughly between 22-25 knots.
One minute max speeds, so some of the gusts where well into the thirties.
One minute average speeds. Most of the night somewhere a bit less than six knots.
Some surfing there! Max speed down the wave 12.5 knots 🙂
The not comfortable part. Quite serious (max) rolling. All the spikes going to 30 and beyond (max 38.40!) were us falling down a wave in one way or another.

Finally, a piece of poor quality night video, looking much more gentle than it really felt!

Morning Breaks

It’s always great when daylight arrives, and this was no exception. The waves looked even bigger, though, when they became clearly visible. And they were breaking, all around us, so it really felt like being quite offshore.

Little L’s face appeared in the companionway.

She had just woken up and climbed up the stairs to have a look outside. “Oh wow! Look at those big waves!” she proclaimed, happily, and turned back inside, giggling.

In a surprising turn of events, none of the kids (or Charlotte!) had any symptoms of seasickness whatsoever. And this was during our absolutely most extreme sailing trip ever! So yes, wow, “look at those big waves!”. Apparently, fortunately, luckily, when there is no seasickness, and everyone is happy, the waves are cool, not scary. (And I’m all for that!)

The Russia thing, that had quickly become a non-issue. We had crossed over to the Lithuanian side in the night, and apart from a couple of military ships on the horizon, nothing much had happened. No VHF calls, nothing.

The next challenge ahead, though, was the tight entrance to Klaipeda.

With big waves rolling from the west, directly towards that very entrance, and with the approaching coast making the waves even bigger — that was the next obstacle preoccupying my mind.

Still sailing with just the jib!

The Entrance

For the final downwind approach I turned off the autopilot and started steering by hand, trying my best to avoid the waves pushing us sideways and broaching us.

It was pretty exciting, but also a bit nerve-wrecking to see the approaching concrete breakwater structures, and to realize how easily and quickly a big wave could lift us in the wrong direction, and too close to the lee side of the entrance.

So there I was, trying my best to accomplish this delicate balancing act, when the hand-held VHF crackled.

“[unclear], [unclear], this is the Lithuanian coast guard.”

I couldn’t quite hear what they said because of the wind. Were they calling me?

“Charlotte, Charlotte, this is the Lithuanian coast guard,” a female voice said again.

Oh.

I had both hands on the steering wheel, focusing on keeping the boat heading in the right direction, so I felt a bit concerned to do it with just one hand.

I let go and picked up the VHF. “Lithuanian coast guard, this is Charlotte,” I managed to squeeze out.

“Hello, Charlotte, channel six, please.”

“Channel six,” I replied, and fiddled the channel buttons with one hand while keeping the other hand firmly engaged in active steering.

The coast guard person wanted me to go directly to their station (“Do you know where that is?” she asked. “Sorry, no,” I replied) and check in with them before anyone leaving the boat.

“Do you know the river Dane?” she asked.

“Sorry, no, I’m not sure,” I replied, a bit embarrassed of the fact that I probably should know, that it’s probably a very famous river and only silly, uncaring tourists don’t know it.

“Ok, so after the entrance, go about two miles down the channel, then turn to the left, then go about [unclear], and [unclear] and then you see a building on the right and then [unclear]. Ok?” she asked.

I absolutely didn’t really understand it all, but I wasn’t really optimistic that asking again would make it any better. “Ok, yes. You know, I’m just outside now and trying to cope with the waves. Once I get in and get the sails down I will try to find it, and if I get lost, I will call you, ok?” I said.

“OK!” she replied.

Final Approach

About ten minutes later we were inside the breakwater. No more waves!

But it was really quite fascinating and industrial. A lot of ships, tug boats, and cranes on the shore. Smoke billowing from factories.

We motored down the channel and tried to look for the correct river entrance. With less multitasking, it was, in fact, quite easy to find it, but the rest of the instructions, some building somewhere something. Couldn’t really remember that anymore.

We were both, Charlotte and I, trying our best to spot anything coast guard related, when suddenly we saw a man waving at us frantically on the shore.

“Hello! Hello! Come in here!” he shouted.

And so we motored into the small river Dane (very much too slowly and carefully, he thought, I think), and followed the man walking next to us on the river bench. No coast guard in sight, though.

“Turn to the right here! Tight turn!” he shouted, and then I understood he was guiding us into the harbour we actually originally had intended to go to. The Castle Harbour.

“Go to the left and take spot twenty-six,” he shouted.

And that was it. A slow and gracious stroll down the other slips, a gentle reversing into our slip, and we were safely and soundly in Klaipeda.

The coast guard, he was standing there waiting for us, looking quite coastguardy.

It wasn’t any building I was supposed to go to. It was the backseat of his car, in the parking lot next to the harbour, and he was really quite actively waiting for me.

“Yes, come now,” he said several times, with a slightly frustrated voice, while I was adjusting the mooring lines.

The official “check-in” took about five minutes and consisted of the usual questions about nationality, what was our last port, and so forth.

“Welcome to Lithuania,” he said, and then quickly “Goodbye,” and looked at me like I was too slow at opening the door and getting out of the car.

“Thank you!” I said, with a broad smile, and left.

Epilogue

I checked later, that the significant wave height had been 3.0 meters somewhere in the neighbourhood of where we sailed.

Charlotte told me, that after she went inside “to sleep”, she hadn’t been able sleep at all, but was lying in the bed in a sort of X position, using her hands and legs to hold her in one place. “Several times, during the night, I thought I was going to die,” she recollected.

The children, on the other hand, slept right through it, and when they woke up, they seemed pretty unconcerned. And no seasickness!

It was a good reminder, though, that the sea is great, and that forecasts are good, until sometimes they aren’t.

As always, the boat performed well, and we got to where we wanted to go, in good spirits, and in good health.

The whole trip, Hel to Klaipeda. 110.3 nm, 21.7 hours. Average speed 5.08 knots. Max (surfing) speed 14.97 knots (!).

In Loving Memory

When I started writing this blog, I did it in part because I wanted to tell my mother a bit about what was going on in her son’s life.

She had been suffering from Parkinson’s (and other related diseases) for over ten years, and because of that, and maybe a few other reasons, we were never really good at talking to each other. But she did have her computer that she was frequently using, and so, I thought, she might appreciate having the opportunity to read a bit about our adventures.

And she did, and that made me (and I think her also) happy.

Not that she liked sailing that much, though. She thought it was absolutely too dangerous, and one of the more frequent questions she posed to me was “Are going to sell the boat soon?”

Somewhere beneath that, though, under this primary protective feeling, I do think that she was very proud us. She had embarked on quite a few adventures of her own, in her youth, and I know that a part of her appreciated us doing the same.

I’m deeply saddened to write, that last week, on the 4th of November 2020, my mother passed away.

In loving memory, and with the heartfelt hope that life doesn’t end, but turns into a happy beginning, and a new adventure.

12 comments

  1. A huge congratulations to all of you. You have certainly not had an easy summer and I have great admiration that you have completed such long and challenging passages as a family.
    Somehow it is always impossible to capture the true experience in a photo or video. Your “night video” looks rather benign, but I know it will have seemed very different in the cockpit.
    A couple of thoughts…
    I agree that you might have been more comfortable with some mainsail to power you through the waves. Did you get the 3rd reef fitted? How did the autohelm cope? I always found it was at its limits with wind/waves on the quarter as it didn’t react quick enough to the lifting of the boat from larger waves and I remember long periods of hand steering, although in these conditions that can be fun (but tiring) too.
    I’m wondering where Charlotte was practising her starfish imitation? I find the leeward saloon settee is very comfortable as you tend to get pinned into the cushions rather than rolling around too much.
    [As an aside, the starfish position sounded familiar and I’ve just remembered a camping experience at Ningaloo in Western Australia last year. We found ourselves camping in the tail end of a tropical cyclone and my friend said he spent the whole night as a starfish to stop having his tent blow away!]
    I love the data logging and analysis that you have. What do you use to generate this and especially how did you generate the graphics for the broach? Is the angle of heel generated from your precision-9 compass and generally available on the N2K network?

    1. Cheers, Stuart! And thank you for your lovely congratulations!

      Let me reply to your comments:

      1) We did have the 3rd reef points put into the mainsail BUT spring came early and we didn’t have a chance to make the matching hole in the lazybag. We had some lines with us to manually set the reef, but the aft reef line would have pulled just backward, not down, so it wouldn’t have been very good. In other words, it was just half-ready and not something I would have wanted to start experimenting with at the time 🙂

      2) The autohelm was ok, I think. Hand steering would have been technically better, but since I was practically solo sailing, it would have taken a lot of energy to keep doing that throughout the night. But yes, the AP doesn’t know how to “take the waves”, it just pushes through and that makes it less comfortable than it could be.

      3) Starfish in the windward aft cabin!

      4) The data, yes, is the raw NMEA data from the standard backbone (and yes, the P9 compass sends the attitude, pitch and roll, onto the network!). I use my own software to visualize it. (Dreaming of making it public some day, it’s very much alpha/beta at the moment.)

      Once again, thank you dearly for your comment! It’s always nice to read them! (Y)

      All the best from us!

      1. What an adventure! This is why I love sailing, although an “adventure” with your children on board may not be what yo9u are looking for 🙂
        Regarding the 3rd reef Stuart mentioned, I gather there are 2 reef points on the main as standard, any guidelines for wind speeds to use them (and the potential third)?
        Happy sailing!

        1. It was a good adventure! The farther away in history, the better it gets 🙂

          Regarding the reefing, I don’t have any clear answer to that. What I have found out is that (in addition to wind angle obviously) it depends a lot on a) how much the boat is loaded, b) the sea state and c) how clean the bottom is.

          With a lightly loaded boat and a clean bottom (see the blog post below), no sea state, the wind on the beam, everything felt quite in control with a full main and TWS somewhere between 18-20 knots. When it got to 20-22 knots it got easily overpowered.

          Then again, going upwind with a loaded boat, with some kind of waves, the heeling can get quite excessive already at 14-15 TWS.

          So, roughly, depending on a lot of things, when not going downwind, 1st reef in somewhere between 14-19 knots, 2nd reef maybe 20-25 knots. 3rd reef — remains to be seen!

          I’d love to have more exact numbers regarding this 🙂

          https://nakedsailor.blog/2020/05/09/hanse-388-performance-2-0/

    1. Yes! Or well, listing it for sale, anyway. There has been some interest already, but I’m in no hurry, so we’ll see.

      As to the ‘why’, it is certainly because of the ‘next boat’. This was always the plan, to start out with a boat as small as possible to fit us all and, with that, sail around here in the Baltic. And then, if things go well, upgrade!

      What the next boat will be — or when for that matter — it’s still undecided. We can’t have two at the same time, however, so finding an excited buyer for the first one is a good place to start. And while that is a work in progress, we’ll continue sailing with her as much as possible 🙂

    1. Thank you!

      PredictWind, well. We set out under the impression (from all the four different models) that the maximum sustained average wind would be about 18-19 knots. It ended up being 23-25 knots, so quite a bit more.

      I use PW at lot, but especially with several small low pressure systems moving around, it’s obviously quite a difficult task to predict everything correctly. A couple of times we’ve had _substantially_ more wind than expected. And, on the other hand, quite a few times PW has predicted wind shifts and other changes magically “on the minute”.

      Weather is tricky 🙂

  2. Hello,
    Thank you for taking time to write up this blog, very insightful. However, I do not think it was necessary to portray the Russians as the boogeyman.
    You should be aware that while sailing you must comply with international laws and applicable procedures are different from one country to another, regardless of how opinionated you may be with regards to this or that other country. You cannot just assume you are going to sneak in to someone’s territory unannounced! I have never heard of the Russians taking over, shooting at a sailboat or motor boat inside any of their immense waters (Russia is the biggest country in the world and understandably with some of the largest water ways.)

    On another note, I think you have some issues with instrument calibration.

    1. Thank you, Ross!

      I welcome your comments about Russia, but I don’t know whether you misread what I wrote a bit? We were certainly not going to (and did not) “sneak in” anywhere unannounced 🙂 Rather we were contemplating how much extra buffer we ought to have in addition to what maritime law specifies.

      On the other note, please tell me more about the instrument calibration issues? I’d love to get any issues sorted out!

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